Components of the Hydraulic Cylinder

Hydraulic cylinder barrel: the hydraulic cylinder barrel is the main part of the hydraulic cylinder. It forms a closed cavity with the hydraulic cylinder cap, piston and other parts to push the piston movement.

Hydraulic cylinder cap: the hydraulic cylinder cap is installed at both ends of the hydraulic cylinder, forming a tight oil chamber with the cylinder barrel. There are usually a variety of connections, such as welding, threads, bolts, keys and tie rods, generally selected according to working pressure, cylinder connection, operating environment and other factors.

Piston rod: The piston rod is the main element of the hydraulic cylinder motor. The material is generally selected from medium carbon steel (e.g. 45 gauge steel). When the cylinder is working, the piston rod is subjected to push, pull or bending moment, etc., which is necessary to ensure its strength; and since the piston rod is often used in guiding sliding in the sleeve, the fit should be right.

Piston: it is the main component that converts hydraulic energy into mechanical energy. Its effective working area directly affects the force and speed of movement of the hydraulic cylinder. There are various types of piston-to-rod connections, including commonly used ring type, sleeve type and nut type.

Guide sleeve: the guide sleeve guides and supports the piston rod. It requires high fitting precision, small frictional resistance, good abrasion resistance, and can withstand the pressure, bending force and impact vibration of the piston rod. The cylinder is equipped with a sealing device inside to ensure the sealing of the cylinder barrel with rod cavity and a dust ring outside to prevent impurities, dust and moisture from bringing to the sealing device and damaging the seal.

Buffers: the piston and the piston rod move with great momentum driven by hydraulic pressure, and when they enter the end cap and the bottom part of the cylinder, they cause mechanical collision, which generates high impact pressure and noise. The buffer device is designed to avoid such collisions. Its working principle is to make the cylinder low-pressure chamber fluid (in whole or in part) through the throttling of the kinetic energy into thermal energy, and then it is carried outside the hydraulic cylinder by the circulating fluid. The structure of the buffer device can be divided into two types: constant area buffer device and variable throttling type buffer device.